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پنجشنبه ۹ فروردین ۱۴۰۳ تهران ۱۸:۰۹

بررسي لايحه پيشنهادي دولت براي اصلاح قانون انتخابات: تعديل اختيارات نظارتي شوراي نگهبان


سياوش اردلان

Summary of Today's BroadcastRFE/RL Persian ServiceWednesday, September 18, 2002 - Khatami's election law reform bill - The judiciary, as the number one enemy of human rights - Iran, Russia lose as Baku-Ceyhan pipeline construction begins - Iran-South Korea sign $1.6 billion gas deal - Privately-owned gas stations close in Tehran - Growers cooperative lowers purchase price of pistachio crop - Iran's caviar exports decline - RFE/RL Roundtable: Islamic students union Majles Legal Committee Passes Khatami's Election Reform Bill * The Majles legal committee passed Khatami's election reform bill. If the full Majles passes the bill, the conservative Guardians Council would almost certainly reject it, since it would limit the Guardians' role in vetting applicants for candidacy in parliamentary and other elections. In any case, by requiring commitment to the absolute power of the Supreme Leader, the election law reform bill keeps many Iranians out of the political process. (Siavash Ardalan) Civil Liberties in Iran * In today's International Herald Tribune, Human Right Watch's Elaheh Sharifpour Hicks describes Iran's judiciary as the "one clear enemy of human rights and political reform in Iran today." (Fariba Mavedat, London) Iran and Russia Main Losers in Baku-Ceyhan Pipeline Deal * The US-backed, three-way pipeline deal between Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey, which began construction today after three years of international haggling, deprives Iran of a lucrative opportunity to become the conduit of oil and gas from Central Asia and the Caspian basin. Also, the new pipeline, to become operational in 2004, would end Russia's position as the sole conduit of Azerbaijan oil to world markets. (Jamshid Zand) Iran Signs $1.6 Billion Gas Deal with South Korea * The National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) signed a $1.6 billion buy-back deal with Lucky Goldstar (LG), a consortium of South Korean oil companies, to develop phases 9 and 10 of the South Pars offshore gas oil field. Tehran-based energy journalist Hossein Nazarian tells RFE/RL that South Koreans beat European companies to the deal, but will have to use European, or preferably American, technology in order to implement it. He adds that international banks would gladly provide the financing for the project, which would add $4 million per day to Iran's oil and gas revenues. (Fereydoun Zarnegar) Tehran Private Sector Gas Stations Close * Of the 12 privately owned gas stations operating in Tehran at the time of the revolution, 10 have closed. Journalist Hassan Fathi tells RFE/RL that considering the investment in real estate and operations, the markup allowed by the oil company is too low. (Mahmonir Rahimi) Rafsanjan Pistachio Cooperative Lowers Crop Purchase Price * The Rafsanjan pistachio cooperative reduced the price it pays to growers for their crop. A Kerman-based pistachio grower tells RFE/RL that the cooperative lost money last year since it paid too much to the growers. Iran exports 120,000 tons of pistachio annually and commands 80 percent of world market. (Fereydoun Zarnegar) Iran's Caviar Exports Fell in 2001 * During the first six months of the current fiscal year, Iran exported only 10 tons of caviar, as compared to 25 tons last year. The Iranian official in charge of caviar exports told the Italian news agency ANSA that the price of Iran's caviar fell by 25 percent; he blames the September 11 attack and the fall in worldwide tourism for the fall in Iran's caviar exports. (Ahmad Ra'fat, Rome) Classroom Shortage in Schools * RFE/RL's Paris-based education commentator Said Peyvandi discusses classroom shortages in Iran. Foreign Investment Drop in the World * According to the World Investment Report by the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), foreign direct investment in 2001 declined to $735 billion, a drop of 51 percent compared to 2000. Iran's share of foreign direct investment was close to zero. Buyback oil and gas deals are not considered foreign direct investment by the UNCTAD. (Fereydoun Khavand, Paris) Abbas Marufi Wins Arnold Zweig Annual Award * Cologne-based novelist Abbas Marufi, winner of the Arnold Zweig literary award, tells RFE/RL that in his new novel "Tamaman Makhsus (Totally Special)" he mixes dream and reality in a way that is new in his work. (Shahram Mirian, Cologne) RFE/RL Roundtable: Islamic Students Association Union * Abdollah Momeni, Tehran secretary of the central council of Daftar-e Tahkim Vahdat, the union of Islamic student associations, Toronto-based student Bahman Kalbasi, a former member of general council of the Esfahan Islamic student association, and Paris-based RFE/RL's education commentator Said Peyvandi, discuss the future of the Islamic student associations' union in the light of the recent breakup of the union into two factions. (Amir-Mosaddegh Katouzian) ARTS AND IDEAS Daily Internet Reprot * Three comments on the Tehran Internet and e-commerce trade fair: Masud Gholami, of the "Medad Noki" website, writes that this year's expo showed that the private sector has taken over the government in the computer and IT industry in Iran. The Computer and Communications magazine writes that the large pavilions in the expo, set up at great cost by some private-sector companies, show that Iran's IT industry, like other industries, places more emphasis on show than substance. Daily Jomhuri-ye Eslami (Islamic Republic), which reflects the views of the Supreme Leader, writes that its reporter decided to leave the show after seeing too many women there without proper Islamic dress. (Behnam Nateghi, New York) Daily medical advice (Dr. Mansur Moslehi, Los Angeles) Daily Book Review * RFE/RL's Tehran-based book critic Kamran Fani reviews "Short Stories from Latin America" translated by Abdollah Kosari. Daily Science Report * Japan falsified inspection records of nuclear power plants for the past 16 years to avoid costly repairs. USC professor Najmedin Meshkati, an expert on safety control and risk management in large-scale technological operations, who inspected Japanese nuclear power plants as a consultant for the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, tells RFE/RL that sloppy work led to a fission chain-reaction at an uranium-processing plant in Tokaimura in 1999, causing Japan's worst nuclear-related accident. (Fatemeh Aman, Washington) Song: Tangna (Impasse) * RFE/RL's music critic Mahmud Khoshnam plays Tangna, performed by 1970's pop singer Fereydoun Forughi, who died last year. Shadi (Joay) * Los Angeles DJ Afshin Gorgin spins the latest Persian pop tunes. 14th Anniversary of the Death of Poet Shahriyar * In a special program, RFE/RL airs poems of Shahriyar in his own voice, on the occasion of the 14th anniversary of his death in Tehran at the age of 82. (Nazi Azima) WORLD * US officials ask UN to draft a touch resolution against Iraq. (Homayoun Majd, Washington) * Presidents of Georgia, Azerbaijan and Turkey inaugurate the construction of the Baku-Ceyhan oil pipeline. (Jamshid Zand) * Congressional investigation into September 11 attack cites intelligence warnings received by the CIA and FBI. (Homayoun Majd, Washington) * US, Russia, EU and UN committee propose the establishment of an independent Palestinian state by 2005. (Jamshid Chalangi, Cairo) * Lebanon and Israel clash over water from Vazani river. (Farideh Rahbar, Cairo) * Vaclav Havel visits the US for the last time as Czech president, writes the Boston Globe. (Fariba Mavedat)

لايحه سرنوشت ساز دولت خاتمي براي اصلاح قانون انتخابات در يكي از كميسيون هاي مجلس شوراي اسلامي به تصويب رسيد. در لايحه جديد نظارت استصوابي شوراي نگهبان حذف و به جاي آن لفظ نظارت به كار برده شده است و اصل بر برائت، يعني صلاحيت متقاضيان نامزدي انتخابات قرار گرفته است. مطابق لايحه جديد، وظيفه درخواست پرونده متقاضيان از وزارت اطلاعات، دادگستري و پليس بين الملي به وزارت كشور محول شده است و فرصت شوراي نگهبان براي ابراز نظر در باره صلاحيت متقاضيان نامزدي از 20 روز به 10 روز كاهش يافت. با اين حال، در لايحه اصلاح قانون انتخابات، همچنان اعتقاد و التزام به اسلام و قانون اساسي جمهوري اسلامي و ولايت فقيه جزو شرايط متقاضيان حفظ شده است كه اكثريت مردم ايران را عملا از شركت در انتخابات و مشاركت سياسي محروم مي سازد.
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